1001 Use Cases For Distributed Ledger Technology...

Virtual currencies are so last year. This year is about all the other uses for the underlying technology - the blockchain and other distributed ledgers.  

The number of use-cases is starting to snowball with every discussion about scenarios in which a certain item is dealt with many times by many parties. That's because it will be more efficient and cost-effective for the item to be represented by a 'hash' in the ledger, and each transaction related to that item to be 'hashed' so they are available to any computer running the same language/protocol, rather than dealing with that using 'old' technology. Even though the ledger is openly accessible to everyone's machine, confidentiality can be guaranteed using encryption, so that only those computers with the right private key could unlock the hash and see the details.

Here are a few of the ideas, some of which are definitely being kicked around and most of which involve smart contracts, e.g.:

• car rental;

• identification tools - multi-factor authentication - e.g. checking validity of a drivers licence (hat tip to Alex Batlin)

• issuing/trading shares, bonds and other financial instruments;

• freight, transport, logistics - e.g. booking space in shipping containers, long-haul trucks and aircraft, and keeping track of the delivery items themselves;

• tracking, controlling autonomous vehicles/devices;

• switching to the best tariff minute to minute for services related to cars, homes, devices like insurance, gas, electricity, phone contracts;

• renting hotel rooms, accommodation;

• tracking and paying royalties for music, films etc;

• something I'm working on that it's not my place to disclose;

and on, and on.

In other words, distributed ledgers as a platform will have the same horizontal impact as the Internet,  mobile networks and the smartphone. The ledgers won't necessarily replace any of that, but will be an important layer, enabling all sorts of applications and devices to 'run' off the recorded transactions and related events.

Worth giving is some thought - just keep a good old fashioned pen and paper handy to jot down the flow of ideas ;-)

#LOBOs The Wolves That Stalk The High Streets

'Lobo' is Spanish for 'wolf'

Last night Dispatches updated us on the LOBO crisis that's savaging the UK's local government budgets. 

Not only have councils lost the estimated £500 million in instant profits pocketed by the banks who lured them off long term, low rate loans to 'more flexible' terms; but they're also left with higher interest bills that have resulted in more spending cuts or higher borrowing.

Everyone still involved seems to deny there's a problem, of course, but the data speaks volumes and some of the poachers-turned-gamekeeper have been willing to spill the beans. 

It's worth noting that the banks paid commissions to 'brokers' who brought in the business. Whether those commissions were or should have been disclosed is one issue; and whether the brokers also paid a cut to others is another. You'd think that Clive Betts MP (Lab), Chair of the Commons' Select Committee on Communities and Local Government, might include those items on his agenda - assuming he can get past the sad fact that allowing local governments to deal with the banking wolves in the first place was a Labour initiative.

It's also important to note that all of this only came to light through the tenacity of researchers armed with Freedom of Information requests, the results of which were handed to Dispatches. While hunting down any miscreants is an important step, requiring greater transparency on the sources and terms of local government borrowing in future might also help avoid another mauling. 

Video Did Not Kill The Radio Star

So many highlights from the past few days at the SCL's Technology Law Futures Conference on 'Keeping Humans at the Heart of Technology', available online soon, but a favourite quote is that "video did not kill the radio star" (with apologies to the Buggles). 

A more fulsome report will no doubt be available shortly. In the meantime, we should all be thinking about the responsible development of 'artificial narrow intelligence' in the context of social care, driver-less cars and other autonomous vehicles (not to mention surveillance and warfare, to the extent we can influence that!). 

If we can insist on adequate transparency and appropriate rules governing risk and liability in the context of these types of projects, then maybe we'll be in good shape to deal with 'artificial general intelligence' when that comes, as well as the potential for artificial superintelligence beyond... [drum roll]... The Singularity.  

Or we could simply fade away as the machines take over.

It's up to us.

For now.

Banks Make A Mockery Of Their Self-regulatory #LendingCode

Readers may still be surprised to hear that Britain's retail banks remain self-regulated when it comes to their lending activities.

That means it's the job of their own Lending Standards Board to check that subscribers are complying with the self-regulatory Lending Code, not the Financial Conduct Authority (although there is a 'memorandum of understanding' between the two bodies written on the back of an envelope somewhere).

Of course, the Lending Standards Board tends to give its own members a clean bill of health...

Which is puzzling, because the LSB has just made the rather unfortunate discovery after reviewing complaints procedures that there is "mixed evidence to indicate that issues, once identified, [are] being reviewed specifically against the requirements of the Code."

In other words, the banks are blowing raspberries at the Code.

So, um, how could the LSB have given the banks a clean bill of health before now?

Does the FCA care? Or, in regulatory speak, "Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?"

It's been a farce from the very beginning.

2015: The Year Our Political Class Went Rogue

April passed in stunned silence on this blog because I was waiting patiently for the UK General Election to get real.

Instead, our political classes went rogue.

Today, all the way from Greece to Scotland, there are no politicians who believe it is their job to ensure that society lives within its own means.

James Palumbo hit the nail on the head in his article for the Evening Standard this week. "In place of facing hard truths, our leaders offer unaffordable and undeliverable promises." The Institute of Fiscal Studies promptly confirmed it.

You might think our politicians went rogue years ago, and some of them did. But I think the last coalition was formed by people in such a deep state of shock at how badly the New Labour machine had transformed Britain's economic plight that they were genuinely committed to ensuring the country did not go broke. 

Since then, the endless process of distraction, deception and spin has meant that even the dreaded Tory machine has realised it can 'extend and pretend' just like the Greeks. 

These days nothing in politics is real. The same effluent is cycled from the pollsters to the media to the party machines, out the mouths of candidates and canvassers and into the eyes and ears of the deceived, who feed the same crap back into the polls. Every 'issue' - from health, social welfare and education to immigration, foreign aid, devolution and higher taxes for 'non-doms', 'mansions' and foreign corporations - is debated on the utterly false assumption that the country can finance whatever policy is touted.

If you thought Gordon Brown has had a rough ride, just imagine what will happen to the Prime Minister in charge when the truth really dawns.