The Reform Of Our Institutions Won't Come From The Top

It's been a difficult month to finish this post. Every day another dollop of decrepitude is revealed amongst our rotting institutions. Systemic slaughter in the NHS. The convenient collapse of a major police corruption trial through 'missing' evidence. Police concealing the misuse of private investigators and spying on victim's families for the chance to undermine public sympathy. Sunlight on vast pay-offs to the departing management of the Savile-stricken BBC. The lengths to which the unions will go to control the Labour Party and use it to enshrine their own power. The Church of England deciding to turn money lender. And, surprise, surprise yet another massive bank fine...because, yes, any bank that relies on a public guarantee of its liabilities and massive tax subsidies through ISAs and so on should regard itself as a public institution.

It's a core theme of this blog to contrast the decline of faith in institutions that have evolved to suit themselves at our expense, with the rise of facilitators who exist to help us solve problems more effectively for ourselves.

Our institutions won't align with the interests of the those who rely on their services while they suppress evidence of their ineptitude, or while trustees and management quibble over their extent of their responsibilities, or while politicians spend their time blaming each other for the mess. These are sure signs that our institutions are stuck in denial and that the MPs and Ministers whose job it is to supervise them are stuck in their own cycle of blame.

Until our institutions understand and accept the need to align with the consumers of their services, rather than the desires of their pompous managers, they will not evolve into efficient, facilitative organisations worthy of our trust and respect.

But I don't believe that our so-called political leaders or the managers of our institutions have either the self-awareness or the skills needed to achieve this evolution. They are merely products of 'the system' that so desparately needs to evolve.

Sustainable reform will only come come from the grassroots rather than the top down. It will only come when each of us takes personal responsibility for turning things around, whether by exposing institutional failings or genuinely working to solve other people's problems rather than merely our own. 

In other words, both the problem and the solution are in our hands.

The Enemies of Growth

The Economist article on The Question of Extractive Elites certainly resonated with me last week, as it did with those involved in the subsequent discussion on Buttonwood's notebook. It's another way of looking at the difference between 'facilitators' and 'institutions'.

In “Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty”, Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, suggest "extractive economies" experience limited growth because their institutions “are structured to extract resources from the many by the few and... fail to protect property rights or provide incentives for economic activity.”

"Because elites dominating extractive institutions fear creative destruction, they will resist it, and any growth that germinates under extractive institutions will be ulimtately short-lived."

Acemoglu and Robinson place certain 'third world' economies into the "extractive" category, but place the developed world into an "inclusive" category on the basis that their institutions tend not to be extractive. But as Buttonwood notes, there are elements of developed economies that fit the description of extractive economies, citing banks and the public sector as the most likely candidates - although I would add the institutions that comprise the pensions and benefits industry as another example. And we should define "public sector" quite broadly to include political parties, unions, quangos and so on.

These extractive institutions tend to be linked, since the public sector is not only capable of extracting resources in a way that starves business or crowding out private investment, but it is also responsible for regulating the private institutions that are themselves extractive.

As previously discussed, high levels of public spending and national wage bargains are partly to blame for throttling the UK economy and preventing the development of manufacturing, particularly in regions which struggle to capitalise on the lower cost of living to keep wage costs down. The tax and regulatory framework favours banks and regulated investment institutions over new entrants. 

The current UK government is trying to spend less, but it's refusal to regulate means extractive frameworks are not being overhauled. Of course there is a danger that the new entrants seeking a level playing field may be tomorrow's "extractive institutions". But that would at least imply significant creative destruction in the meantime. Ideally the rise of "extractive institutions" would be kept in check by more dynamic regulatory intervention, but future overhauls may be required.  

That is the politicians' job. But they, too, have a tendency to be the enemies of growth.

No Mandate To Offer Better Public Pensions

Where is Cameron's mandate to offer public sector workers better pensions than the private sector?

Gordo raided the private sector pension pot years ago, as the Tories rightly pointed out in their election campaign. The unions, of course, had no problem with that, since they are the beneficiaries of Labour Party porkbarrelling. And economic crisis has mean that private sector workers have known for the past few years they can never retire.

The public sector needs to understand they can strike all they like. The world has changed.

Referenda seem popular at the moment. Perhaps we should have one to decide this issue?